Treatment types
The right treatment depends on the bleeding disorder, how severe it is, and what the centre has in stock. Treatment does not yet cure haemophilia. It stops bleeds, limits joint damage, and lets people recover.
For haemophilia A the missing protein is factor VIII. For haemophilia B it is factor IX. Giving the missing factor is called replacement. Some people are treated only when a bleed starts. That is on-demand treatment. Others take treatment on a schedule to prevent bleeds. That is prophylaxis.
In Nepal, prophylaxis is the goal NHS argues for. It is not yet routine for every child. Families should ask their centre what is possible this month, and should not buy clotting products from an unknown seller. Unsafe plasma and cryoprecipitate can carry infections. Virus-inactivated concentrates, when the centre has them, are the safer replacement products.
Prophylaxis
Prophylaxis means factor, or another prescribed treatment, is given on a regular schedule even when the person feels well. The aim is fewer joint bleeds and fewer days lost from school or work. A physiotherapist still matters: strong muscles protect joints that have already bled.
A centre chooses the dose and the days. Home treatment is only safe after the family has been taught how to infuse, how to store the product, and when to go to hospital. Head injury, neck swelling, belly pain, or a bleed that does not settle needs urgent care, even if a dose was just given.
Non-factor replacement therapies
Non-factor therapies help the blood clot without infusing the missing factor. Emicizumab is the best known example for haemophilia A, including some people with inhibitors. These medicines are used in many countries. They are not a product you should assume is on the shelf in every Nepali hospital.
The World Federation of Hemophilia has reported that humanitarian aid, including some non-factor treatment, has reached patients in Nepal. Shipments change from year to year. Only the treatment centre can say whether a named medicine is available, and for whom. NHS does not supply prescriptions through this website.
Extended half-life factor concentrates
Extended half-life, sometimes called enhanced half-life, factor concentrates stay in the blood longer than standard factor VIII or IX. Some people need fewer infusions. They are still factor replacement. They are not a cure, and they are not automatically stocked in Nepal.
Standard half-life concentrates remain the products many centres know best. If a new product arrives, the centre should explain the dose, the storage rules, and whether it is suitable for someone who has an inhibitor.
Other care that belongs with treatment
- Rest, ice, compression and elevation can ease a joint while you reach care. They do not replace factor.
- Medicines that make bleeding worse, including aspirin and some painkillers, should be checked with the centre.
- Dental work and surgery need a written plan before the day of the procedure.
- Physiotherapy after a bleed protects the joint.
- Vaccination and ordinary childhood care should continue, with pressure after an injection.
This page is general information from Nepal Hemophilia Society. It is not a diagnosis or a treatment plan. A bleed, a head injury, or bleeding after an accident needs urgent hospital care. Ask your treatment centre before you change any treatment.